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Registro Completo |
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Biblioteca(s): |
Embrapa Gado de Leite. |
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Data corrente: |
16/10/2023 |
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Data da última atualização: |
22/01/2024 |
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Tipo da produção científica: |
Artigo em Periódico Indexado |
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Autoria: |
MARCONDES, M. I.; PROVAZZI, F. P.; SILVESTRE, T.; SILVA, A. L.; VALADARES FILHO, S. C.; CAMPOS, M. M.; MACHADO, F. S.; ROTTA, P. P. |
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Afiliação: |
Washington State University; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; Washington State University; Universidade Federal de Viçosa; VALADARES FILHO, Universidade Federal de Viçosa; MARIANA MAGALHAES CAMPOS, CNPGL; FERNANDA SAMARINI MACHADO, CNPGL; Universidade Federal de Viçosa. |
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Título: |
Protein requirements for pregnant dairy cows. |
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Ano de publicação: |
2023 |
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Fonte/Imprenta: |
Journal of Dairy Science, v. 106, p. 8821-8834, 2023. |
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DOI: |
https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-23321 |
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Idioma: |
Inglês |
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Conteúdo: |
We aimed to estimate the protein requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Sixty-one Holstein × Gyr (HG) cows were used, with an average initial BW of 480 ± 10.1 kg and 5 ± 0.5 yrs of age. Cows were divided into 3 groups: pregnant (n = 43), non-pregnant (n = 12), and baseline (n = 6). Baseline animals were slaughtered before starting the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the remaining animals. Pregnant and non-pregnant cows received 2 diets: maintenance and ad libitum. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 139, 199, 241, and 268 gestation days (GD). First, we used data only from non-pregnant cows to determine the requirements for maintenance and growth in adult cows. The requirements of metabolizable protein for maintenance (MPm; g/EBW0.75/d) were estimated using a linear regression between the metabolizable protein intake (MPI, g/d) and average daily gain (g/d), and the MPm was defined as the intercept divided by the average BW0.75. Net protein requirements for gain (NPg; g/d) were estimated by the first derivative of the allometric equation between final crude protein (CP) in the body (kg) and the final EBW (kg). The efficiency of use of metabolizable protein for gain (k) was calculated from the regression between the retained protein (g/EBW0.75/d) and the MPI (g/EBW0.75/d), and k was the slope of this regression. The MPI was estimated by combining microbial protein synthesis (purine derivatives) with the digestible rumen undegradable protein [(total protein intake minus RDP) × intestinal digestibility]. Second, an exponential model was used to fit the protein accumulation in the gestational components in the function of GD. The first derivative of that model was considered the net requirement for gestation (NPgest). The efficiency of protein utilization for gestation (kgest) was calculated by the iterative method using the equation: ? = MPI - (MPm + NPg/kg + NPgest/kgest). The iteration was performed aiming at a zero deviation between observed MPI and MP estimated by the requirements determined herein. We obtained a value of 3.88 g/EBW0.75/d for MPm. The estimation of NPg can be calculated according to the following equation: NPg = 0.716 × (EBWopen-0.308) × EBGcorrected, where EBWopen is the empty BW (kg) for non-pregnant animals and EBGcorrected is the empty body gain (kg/d) corrected for the gestational component. The k was determined as 0.347. The net protein requirements for gestation (NPgest) were determined as NPgest (g/d) = 0.0008722 × exp(0.01784 × GD) × (calfweight/35). The efficiency of using metabolizable protein for gestation (kgest) was 0.625. It is important to highlight that different methods of MP estimates should not be mixed and that the proposed method requires the estimate of microbial protein (estimate it via urinary estimates) and might be a limitation for practical application. In conclusion, new studies should be conducted to validate our results and the methodology adopted to determine protein requirements for pregnancy in dairy cows. Due to the pattern of protein accumulation in the gestational components, we suggest that exponential model to describe protein requirements for pregnancy for dairy cows. MenosWe aimed to estimate the protein requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Sixty-one Holstein × Gyr (HG) cows were used, with an average initial BW of 480 ± 10.1 kg and 5 ± 0.5 yrs of age. Cows were divided into 3 groups: pregnant (n = 43), non-pregnant (n = 12), and baseline (n = 6). Baseline animals were slaughtered before starting the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the remaining animals. Pregnant and non-pregnant cows received 2 diets: maintenance and ad libitum. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 139, 199, 241, and 268 gestation days (GD). First, we used data only from non-pregnant cows to determine the requirements for maintenance and growth in adult cows. The requirements of metabolizable protein for maintenance (MPm; g/EBW0.75/d) were estimated using a linear regression between the metabolizable protein intake (MPI, g/d) and average daily gain (g/d), and the MPm was defined as the intercept divided by the average BW0.75. Net protein requirements for gain (NPg; g/d) were estimated by the first derivative of the allometric equation between final crude protein (CP) in the body (kg) and the final EBW (kg). The efficiency of use of metabolizable protein for gain (k) was calculated from the regression between the retained protein (g/EBW0.75/d) and the MPI (g/EBW0.75/d), and k was the slope of this regression. The MPI was estimated by combining microbial protein synthesis (purine derivatives) with the digestible rumen undegradable protein [(total p... Mostrar Tudo |
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Thesagro: |
Bovino; Gado Leiteiro; Período de Gestação; Proteína; Vaca Leiteira. |
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Thesaurus Nal: |
Gestation period; Holstein; Pregnancy. |
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Categoria do assunto: |
L Ciência Animal e Produtos de Origem Animal |
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URL: |
https://ainfo.cnptia.embrapa.br/digital/bitstream/item/260912/1/Protein-requirements-for-pregnant-dairy-cows.pdf
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Marc: |
LEADER 04078naa a2200313 a 4500
001 2157260
005 2024-01-22
008 2023 bl uuuu u00u1 u #d
024 7 $ahttps://doi.org/10.3168/jds.2023-23321$2DOI
100 1 $aMARCONDES, M. I.
245 $aProtein requirements for pregnant dairy cows.$h[electronic resource]
260 $c2023
520 $aWe aimed to estimate the protein requirements of pregnant Holstein × Gyr cows. Sixty-one Holstein × Gyr (HG) cows were used, with an average initial BW of 480 ± 10.1 kg and 5 ± 0.5 yrs of age. Cows were divided into 3 groups: pregnant (n = 43), non-pregnant (n = 12), and baseline (n = 6). Baseline animals were slaughtered before starting the experiment to estimate the initial body composition of the remaining animals. Pregnant and non-pregnant cows received 2 diets: maintenance and ad libitum. Pregnant cows were slaughtered at 139, 199, 241, and 268 gestation days (GD). First, we used data only from non-pregnant cows to determine the requirements for maintenance and growth in adult cows. The requirements of metabolizable protein for maintenance (MPm; g/EBW0.75/d) were estimated using a linear regression between the metabolizable protein intake (MPI, g/d) and average daily gain (g/d), and the MPm was defined as the intercept divided by the average BW0.75. Net protein requirements for gain (NPg; g/d) were estimated by the first derivative of the allometric equation between final crude protein (CP) in the body (kg) and the final EBW (kg). The efficiency of use of metabolizable protein for gain (k) was calculated from the regression between the retained protein (g/EBW0.75/d) and the MPI (g/EBW0.75/d), and k was the slope of this regression. The MPI was estimated by combining microbial protein synthesis (purine derivatives) with the digestible rumen undegradable protein [(total protein intake minus RDP) × intestinal digestibility]. Second, an exponential model was used to fit the protein accumulation in the gestational components in the function of GD. The first derivative of that model was considered the net requirement for gestation (NPgest). The efficiency of protein utilization for gestation (kgest) was calculated by the iterative method using the equation: ? = MPI - (MPm + NPg/kg + NPgest/kgest). The iteration was performed aiming at a zero deviation between observed MPI and MP estimated by the requirements determined herein. We obtained a value of 3.88 g/EBW0.75/d for MPm. The estimation of NPg can be calculated according to the following equation: NPg = 0.716 × (EBWopen-0.308) × EBGcorrected, where EBWopen is the empty BW (kg) for non-pregnant animals and EBGcorrected is the empty body gain (kg/d) corrected for the gestational component. The k was determined as 0.347. The net protein requirements for gestation (NPgest) were determined as NPgest (g/d) = 0.0008722 × exp(0.01784 × GD) × (calfweight/35). The efficiency of using metabolizable protein for gestation (kgest) was 0.625. It is important to highlight that different methods of MP estimates should not be mixed and that the proposed method requires the estimate of microbial protein (estimate it via urinary estimates) and might be a limitation for practical application. In conclusion, new studies should be conducted to validate our results and the methodology adopted to determine protein requirements for pregnancy in dairy cows. Due to the pattern of protein accumulation in the gestational components, we suggest that exponential model to describe protein requirements for pregnancy for dairy cows.
650 $aGestation period
650 $aHolstein
650 $aPregnancy
650 $aBovino
650 $aGado Leiteiro
650 $aPeríodo de Gestação
650 $aProteína
650 $aVaca Leiteira
700 1 $aPROVAZZI, F. P.
700 1 $aSILVESTRE, T.
700 1 $aSILVA, A. L.
700 1 $aVALADARES FILHO, S. C.
700 1 $aCAMPOS, M. M.
700 1 $aMACHADO, F. S.
700 1 $aROTTA, P. P.
773 $tJournal of Dairy Science$gv. 106, p. 8821-8834, 2023.
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| 1. |  | LOUREN JÚNIOR, J. de B.; CASTRO, A. C.; DANTAS, J. A. da S.; SANTOS, N. de F. A. dos; ALVES, O. dos S.; MONTEIRO, E. M. M. Índice de conforto térmico em bubalinos criados em sistema silvipastoril, em Belém, Pará. In: CONGRESSO BRASILEIRO DE BIOMETEOROLOGIA, 4., 2006, Ribeirão Preto. Mudanças climáticas: impacto sobre homens, plantas e animais: anais. Ribeirão Preto: Instituto de Zootecnia, 2006.| Tipo: Artigo em Anais de Congresso |
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